verb complement / directional complement HSK 3
Traditional 下來
xià lái
to come down · down (from higher to lower) · to get off · to continue (an action) · to calm down

Meaning

下来 is a directional complement that indicates downward movement toward the speaker or a shift from a higher to lower position. It can be used literally for physical descent or figuratively to express continuation of an action, settling down, or retention of something.

Usage

Native speakers attach 下来 after verbs to show direction or completion. It appears in physical contexts like 走下来 (walk down), emotional contexts like 冷静下来 (calm down), and temporal contexts meaning 'continuing from then on' or 'to establish/settle.' Very common in everyday speech and essential for natural-sounding Mandarin.

Examples

  1. 01
    请你从楼上走下来
    Qǐng cóng lóu shàng zǒu xià lái.
    Please walk down from upstairs.
  2. 02
    他慢慢冷静下来了。
    màn màn lěng jìng xià lái le.
    He gradually calmed down.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 下来
    zuò xià lái
    to sit down
  • 冷静下来
    lěng jìng xià lái
    to calm down
  • 下来
    tíng xià lái
    to stop (and remain)
  • 下来
    xià lái
    to write down, to record

Antonyms

Origin

Compound of 下 (down) and 来 (come), literally meaning 'come down.' The combination creates a directional complement showing movement downward in the direction of the speaker or reference point.

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