suffix HSK 1
Traditional
men
plural marker for pronouns and nouns referring to people

Meaning

is a grammatical particle that indicates plurality when attached to pronouns or nouns denoting people. It is never used alone and always follows the word it pluralizes. Most commonly seen with pronouns like 我 (I) → 我 (we), 你 (you) → 你 (you all), 他 (he) → 他 (they).

Usage

Native speakers attach exclusively to pronouns and human nouns (like 孩子 'children', 朋友 'friends'). It is never used with measure words, numbers, or non-human nouns. In formal speech or writing, may be added to collective nouns for emphasis (同志 'comrades'). The suffix is toneless (neutral tone) when spoken.

Examples

  1. 01
    明天去北京。
    men míng tiān Běi jīng.
    We are going to Beijing tomorrow.
  2. 02
    孩子在公园里玩。
    Hái zi men zài gōng yuán wán.
    The children are playing in the park.

Common collocations

  • 孩子
    hái zi men
    children
  • 朋友
    péng you men
    friends
  • 同学
    tóng xué men
    classmates
  • 老师
    lǎo shī men
    teachers

Origin

The traditional form contains the person radical 亻and the phonetic component 門 (door/gate). Historically it emerged in vernacular Chinese to mark plurality for people.

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