adjective / adverb HSK 4
běn
basic · fundamental · essentially · basically

Meaning

基本 means 'basic' or 'fundamental' and refers to the essential or foundational aspects of something. It can function as an adjective modifying nouns (basic knowledge, basic skills) or as an adverb meaning 'basically' or 'essentially' when describing the nature of a situation.

Usage

As an adjective, 基本 commonly appears before nouns to describe fundamental elements (基本知识, 基本技能). As an adverb, it softens statements to mean 'basically' or 'more or less' (基本上 is even more common for this usage). It's widely used in both spoken and written Chinese across formal and informal contexts.

Examples

  1. 01
    我已经掌握了汉语的基本语法。
    jīng zhǎng le Hàn de běn .
    I have already mastered the basic grammar of Chinese.
  2. 02
    这个问题基本解决了。
    Zhè ge wèn běn jiě jué le.
    This problem has basically been solved.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 基本知识
    běn zhī shi
    basic knowledge
  • 基本技能
    běn néng
    basic skills
  • 基本工资
    běn gōng
    base salary
  • 基本原则
    běn yuán
    basic principles

Antonyms

Origin

Both characters relate to foundations: 基 originally depicted an earthen foundation, while 本 shows the root of a tree. Together they emphasize the fundamental or essential nature of something.

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