noun HSK 2
shì
city · market · municipality

Meaning

is a fundamental word meaning 'city' or 'municipality' in modern Chinese. It refers to an urban administrative area or settlement. The character originally depicted a marketplace, and this commercial meaning still exists in compound words related to markets and trading.

Usage

commonly appears in place names (北京 Beijing City, 上海 Shanghai City) and administrative divisions. It's also used in words related to markets and commerce (场 market, 超 supermarket). In formal administrative contexts, it distinguishes cities from counties (县) or provinces (省).

Examples

  1. 01
    北京是中国的首都。
    Běijīng shì shì Zhōngguó de shǒudū.
    Beijing City is the capital of China.
  2. 02
    这个有三百万人口。
    Zhège shì yǒu sānbǎi wàn rénkǒu.
    This city has a population of three million.

Measure words

  • 一个市
  • zuò一座城市

Common collocations

  • 中心
    shì zhōng xīn
    city center, downtown
  • 政府
    shì zhèng
    city government, municipal government
  • chéng shì huà
    urbanization
  • shì mín
    city resident, citizen

Antonyms

Origin

The character originally depicted a marketplace with goods for sale. Over time, it evolved to mean city, as cities historically developed around commercial centers and marketplaces.

Related