adjective / verb HSK 6
afraid · fear · to fear

Meaning

is a literary character meaning 'fear' or 'afraid.' It rarely appears alone in modern Mandarin but is a key component in common compound words like 恐 (terror) and 可 (frightening). The character combines the 'heart' radical 忄 with 布 (cloth), originally suggesting fear spreading through one's heart like cloth unfurling.

Usage

This character is primarily used in written or formal contexts and almost always appears as part of compound words rather than standing alone. In everyday speech, Chinese speakers would use 害怕 or 恐 instead. You'll encounter it most often in literary texts, formal writing, or set expressions.

Examples

  1. 01
    那场景真是可极了。
    chǎngjǐng zhēn shì le.
    That scene was truly terrifying.
  2. 02
    电影让人毛骨悚然。
    Kǒng diànyǐng ràng rén máo sǒng rán.
    Horror movies make people's hair stand on end.

Common collocations

  • 分子
    kǒng fèn
    terrorist
  • 主义
    kǒng zhǔ
    terrorism
  • kǒng piàn
    horror film

Antonyms

Origin

The character consists of the heart radical 忄 (xīn) on the left, indicating emotional content, and 布 (bù, cloth) as the phonetic component. The semantic connection suggests fear spreading through the heart.

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