noun / adjective HSK 3
wén
writing · language · culture · civil · literary · text

Meaning

is a fundamental character meaning 'writing,' 'language,' or 'culture.' It appears in countless words related to literature, education, and civilization. As a standalone character, it often refers to written language or cultural matters, contrasting with 武 (wǔ, martial/military).

Usage

rarely appears alone in modern spoken Mandarin; it's typically part of compound words like 化 (culture), 中 (Chinese language), or 学 (literature). When used independently, it often appears in formal or literary contexts to mean 'writing' or 'text.' It contrasts with 武 in the traditional pairing 武 (civil and martial arts).

Examples

  1. 01
    他是学科的。
    shì xué wén de.
    He studies liberal arts.
  2. 02
    这篇章写得很好。
    Zhè piān wén zhāng xiě de hěn hǎo.
    This article is written very well.

Common collocations

  • wén
    liberal arts (subjects)
  • wén jiàn
    document, file
  • wén zhāng
    article, essay
  • wén
    written language, script

Antonyms

Origin

The oracle bone script depicts intersecting lines or patterns, originally representing decorative markings or tattoos, which evolved to mean patterns, culture, and eventually writing and civilization.

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