Meaning
牢固 describes something that is firmly established, physically stable, or difficult to shake or change. It can refer to physical structures that are solidly built, or to abstract concepts like relationships, beliefs, or foundations that are strong and enduring.
Usage
Commonly used to describe physical objects like buildings, connections, or bonds, as well as abstract concepts like foundations of knowledge, relationships, or positions. It carries a positive connotation of reliability and strength. Often paired with verbs like 建立 (to establish) or 保持 (to maintain).
Examples
- 01这座桥建得很牢固，能用一百年。, .This bridge is built very solidly and can be used for a hundred years.
- 02我们要牢固树立环保意识。.We must firmly establish environmental awareness.
Characters
Common collocations
- 牢固的基础solid foundation
- 牢固树立to firmly establish
- 关系牢固solid relationship
- 记得很牢固to remember firmly
Antonyms
Origin
Both characters reinforce the concept of strength and security. 牢 originally referred to a pen for livestock (and later prison), emphasizing enclosure and security. 固 means solid or firm. Together they form a compound meaning firmly secured or solidly established.