verb / directional complement / resultative complement HSK 2
Traditional 起來
lái
to stand up · to get up · to rise · (used after verbs to indicate upward movement or beginning of action)

Meaning

起来 is a highly versatile word that functions both as a standalone verb meaning 'to get up' or 'to stand up' and as a complement attached to other verbs. As a complement, it indicates upward movement (站起来 'stand up'), the beginning of an action (唱起来 'start singing'), or sometimes a subjective judgment or feeling when experiencing something (听起来 'sound like', 看起来 'appear to be').

Usage

When used alone, 起来 is a common everyday verb for getting out of bed or standing from a seated position. As a complement, it's attached directly to another verb without spaces in writing. Native speakers use it constantly in casual and formal speech. The complement usage is one of the most productive patterns in Mandarin, appearing with hundreds of verbs to modify their meaning.

Examples

  1. 01
    他早上七点就起来了。
    zǎoshang diǎn jiù lái le.
    He got up at seven o'clock in the morning.
  2. 02
    这个主意听起来不错。
    Zhège zhǔyì tīng lái bùcuò.
    This idea sounds pretty good.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 起来
    zhàn lái
    to stand up
  • 起来
    kàn lái
    to appear, to seem
  • 起来
    tīng lái
    to sound like
  • 起来
    xiǎng lái
    to remember, to recall

Antonyms

Origin

The word combines 起 'to rise' with 来 'to come', literally suggesting movement toward the speaker or upward. This directional complement pattern is fundamental to Mandarin grammar, where 来 indicates motion toward and 起 indicates upward or initiating motion.

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