adverb / verb HSK 4
gòng
together · in total · altogether · to share

Meaning

primarily means 'together' or 'in total' and is used to indicate collective action or to sum up quantities. It can function as an adverb meaning 'altogether' or 'in common,' and less commonly as a verb meaning 'to share.' It's a versatile character that appears in many compound words related to sharing, commonality, and collectiveness.

Usage

is frequently used in formal and written contexts to sum quantities (有十个人 'there are ten people in total') or to express doing something together (同努力 'to work together'). It's also a key component in political and social terms like 产党 (Communist Party) and 公 (public). In spoken language, it's often part of set phrases rather than used alone.

Examples

  1. 01
    这些苹果一二十元。
    Zhèxiē píngguǒ yīgòng èrshí yuán.
    These apples are twenty yuan in total.
  2. 02
    我们应该同努力完成这个项目。
    Wǒmen yīnggāi gòngtóng nǔlì wánchéng zhège xiàngmù.
    We should work together to complete this project.

Common collocations

  • yīgòng
    in total, altogether
  • gòngtóng
    together, jointly, common
  • zǒnggòng
    altogether, in sum
  • gòngyǒu
    to have in total

Antonyms

Origin

The character originally depicted two hands working together on something, representing the concept of joint effort and cooperation. This ancient pictographic origin still reflects in its modern meaning of togetherness and sharing.

Related