noun HSK 1
shān
mountain · hill

Meaning

is one of the most fundamental Chinese characters, representing a mountain or hill. The character itself is pictographic, visually resembling a mountain range with three peaks. It appears in countless compound words related to geography, nature, and idiomatic expressions.

Usage

This is an extremely common character used both independently and as a component in many compound words. It can refer to any elevated landform from small hills to massive mountain ranges. In compound words, it often indicates something related to mountains, wilderness, or rural areas. The character is also frequently used in place names throughout China.

Examples

  1. 01
    这座很高。
    Zhè zuò shān hěn gāo.
    This mountain is very tall.
  2. 02
    周末我们去爬吧。
    Zhōumò wǒmen shān ba.
    Let's go hiking this weekend.

Measure words

  • zuò一座山
  • piàn一片山

Common collocations

  • shān dǐng
    mountain peak, summit
  • shān jiǎo
    foot of a mountain
  • shēn shān
    deep in the mountains, remote mountains
  • shān shuǐ
    landscape, scenery

Antonyms

Origin

is a pictograph dating back to oracle bone script. The three vertical strokes represent mountain peaks rising from the earth, making it one of the clearest examples of pictographic writing in Chinese.

Related