verb / noun HSK 4
Traditional
zhàn
war · battle · to fight · to tremble

Meaning

is a fundamental Chinese character meaning 'war' or 'to fight.' It can refer to military combat, conflict, or campaign. As a verb, it means to engage in battle or warfare. It can also mean 'to tremble' or 'to shiver,' though this usage is less common in modern Mandarin.

Usage

is frequently used in compound words related to military matters, conflict, and competition. It appears in formal contexts when discussing warfare, historical battles, or strategic operations. In modern usage, it's often combined with other characters to form words like 争 (war), 斗 (combat), or 略 (strategy). The standalone character is less common in casual speech.

Examples

  1. 01
    这场争持续了三年。
    Zhè chǎng zhàn zhēng chí le sān nián.
    This war lasted three years.
  2. 02
    我们必须胜困难。
    men zhàn shèng kùn nán.
    We must overcome difficulties.

Measure words

  • chǎng一场战争

Common collocations

  • zhàn shèng
    to defeat, to conquer
  • zuò zhàn
    to fight, to conduct combat operations
  • zhàn chǎng
    battlefield
  • xuān zhàn
    to declare war

Antonyms

Origin

The traditional form consists of the radical 戈 (spear/weapon) on the right and 單 on the left. The weapon radical clearly indicates the military/combat meaning, while the phonetic component provides pronunciation guidance.

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