adverb / noun HSK 2
cái
only then · just · only · talent · ability

Meaning

As an adverb, indicates that something happened later than expected, or that a quantity is less than expected. It often conveys a sense of 'not until' or 'only just.' As a noun, it means talent or ability.

Usage

When used as an adverb before verbs, emphasizes lateness or smallness. Native speakers frequently use it to show that an action occurred later than hoped or that an amount is insufficient. It contrasts with 就, which indicates earliness or ease.

Examples

  1. 01
    他昨天晚上十二点回家。
    zuótiān wǎnshang shí'èr diǎn cái huí jiā.
    He didn't get home until midnight last night.
  2. 02
    这个孩子五岁就会说三种语言。
    Zhège háizi cái suì jiù huì shuō sān zhǒng yǔyán.
    This child is only five years old and can already speak three languages.

Common collocations

  • ...就...
    cái...jiù...
    just...and then...
  • gāng cái
    just now
  • rén cái
    talent (person)

Antonyms

Origin

The character originally depicted a plant sprouting from the ground, symbolizing emerging talent or ability. The adverbial usage developed from the sense of 'just now emerging' to 'only just' or 'not until.'

Related