adjective / verb HSK 4
dirty · filthy · to pollute · to contaminate · to defile

Meaning

means dirty, filthy, or impure, both literally (physical dirt) and figuratively (moral corruption). As a verb, it means to pollute, stain, or contaminate something. It commonly appears in compounds related to pollution and cleanliness.

Usage

is frequently used in compound words like 染 (pollution) and 水 (sewage). In modern internet slang, can also mean 'dirty-minded' or refer to sexual innuendo. The standalone character is less common in everyday speech than its compounds.

Examples

  1. 01
    这条河被工厂染了。
    Zhè tiáo bèi gōng chǎng rǎn le.
    This river has been polluted by the factory.
  2. 02
    他的衣服上有迹。
    de fu shàng yǒu .
    There are stains on his clothes.

Common collocations

  • 染环境
    rǎn huán jìng
    to pollute the environment
  • 水处理
    shuǐ chǔ
    sewage treatment
  • stain, dirty mark
  • tān
    corruption, embezzlement

Antonyms

Origin

The character combines the water radical 氵(water) with 于, suggesting contaminated or impure water as the original meaning.

Related