preposition / noun HSK 2
bèi
by (passive marker) · quilt · to cover

Meaning

is most commonly used as a passive voice marker in Mandarin, indicating that the subject receives the action rather than performs it. As a noun, it means 'quilt' or 'blanket'. The passive construction + agent + verb shows who performs the action on the subject.

Usage

The passive is often used when something undesirable happens to the subject, though this isn't always the case in modern usage. It can be used with or without explicitly stating the agent. In formal writing and speech, passives are more common than in casual conversation, where topic-comment structures often replace them.

Examples

  1. 01
    我的自行车偷了。
    de zìxíngchē bèi tōu le.
    My bicycle was stolen.
  2. 02
    这个问题已经解决了。
    Zhège wèntí yǐjīng bèi jiějué le.
    This problem has already been solved.

Measure words

  • chuáng一床被

Common collocations

  • bèi dòng
    passive
  • bèi
    to be forced to
  • bèi zi
    quilt; blanket
  • bèi gào
    defendant

Origin

The character originally depicted a blanket or covering garment. The passive grammatical usage developed from the notion of being 'covered by' or 'affected by' an action.

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