pronoun HSK 1
oneself · one's own · myself · yourself · himself · herself

Meaning

自己 is a reflexive pronoun that refers back to the subject of the sentence. It emphasizes the person doing the action themselves, or refers to something belonging to that person. It's one of the most fundamental pronouns in Chinese and can correspond to any person depending on context.

Usage

Native speakers use 自己 to emphasize personal responsibility, independence, or possession. It commonly appears after personal pronouns (我自己, 你自己) for extra emphasis, or alone when the subject is clear from context. It's neutral in register and used in both spoken and written Chinese across all contexts.

Examples

  1. 01
    这是我自己做的。
    Zhè shì zuò de.
    I made this myself.
  2. 02
    你要学会照顾自己
    yào xué huì zhào .
    You need to learn to take care of yourself.

Characters

Common collocations

  • 自己
    I myself, by myself
  • 自己
    you yourself, by yourself
  • 自己
    de
    one's own
  • 自己
    kào
    rely on oneself

Antonyms

Origin

Both characters relate to the concept of self. 自 originally depicted a nose, which people point to when referring to themselves. 己 is an ancient character representing the body or self.

Related